Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Property Management and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Property Management and Law - Essay Example A few sorts of properties that may require property the executives are; houses, condominiums, duplexes, condos, lofts, strip malls, shopping centers, workplaces structures, air terminals and open transportation structures, emergency clinics and some more. Property the executives is fundamentally the same as the job of the executives in any business. In this coursework the author will break down the protests and issues introduced to the property administrator of Megadosh Management by their customer. To have the option to do so we have to characterize significant terms, for example, proprietor, inhabitant and lease. The author additionally introduced the jobs and privileges of every individual include in the business. Property the executives understanding relies upon the administration required by the customer. The installment of their administration is likewise referenced. After understanding the job of property the board the author will currently introduce the reactions on the letter sent to the property director. Conversation of each letter and distinguishing the issue is expected to Landowner - as characterized in www.lectlaw.com, is a proprietor of genuine property who (leases) that property to an occupant under a rent understanding. He will undoubtedly play out specific obligations and is qualified for specific rights. To make sure about to the occupant the calm satisfaction in the premises rented; yet an inhabitant for quite a long time has no cure against his proprietor, in the event that he be expelled by one who has no title, all things considered the law leaves him to his cure against the miscreant. In any case, the suggested contract for calm delight might be qualified and augmented or limited by the specific understanding of the gatherings and a general pledge for calm pleasure doesn't stretch out to unfair expulsions or unsettling influences by an outsider The landowner is limited by his express agreement to fix the premises, however except if he ties himself by express contract the inhabitant can't constrain him to fix. His privileges are: (www.lectlaw.com) To get the lease settled upon and to uphold all the express agreements into which the occupant may have entered To require the resident to treat the premises demised in such way that no injury be done to the legacy and forestall squander To have the ownership of the premises after the termination of the rent. Inhabitant - as characterized in Thesaurus as the person who pays the lease to utilize or possess land, a structure, or other property claimed by another. In law, the person who holds or has terrains, apartments, or some of the time individual property by any sort of title. (www.landlordzone.co.uk). Inhabitant's Legal Right and Obligations Business Obligation It is the commitment of the inhabitant to pay the specific sum for lease. It is the commitment of the inhabitant to pay the lease on schedule. Business Right It is the privilege of the inhabitant to have an agreeable property. Private Right Know the details of the occupancy. Know the name and address of the landowner (regularly remembered for the understanding) Settlement which is in a decent inhabitable condition of fix - liberated from abandons. Sensibly fast and viable fixes on the off chance that you report abandons. Safe settlement, every electrical, ga and different frameworks and apparatuses satisfying present day wellbeing guidelines and are dependent upon standard

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Childhod Depression essays

Childhod Depression articles Most grown-ups and numerous kids and youths have a couple of awful days to a great extent, once in a while three or four out of a line. At the point when this occurs, your state of mind is awful, you want to bounce on individuals to no end. You rest, however you don't rest. You eat, however you are not ravenous. Your life is one major errand. Everything that was fun is work and what generally is work resembles strolling with lead boots. Frequently you have stomach hurts, cerebral pains, throbbing, discombobulation and different indications, however the specialists can not discover anything incorrectly. At the point when loved ones need to talk, you don't tune in. In the event that you can, you remain alone and wish they would all simply leave. Furthermore, you consider what you must do, and you wish you could procrastinate for ever. Furthermore, about what you have done, and about what could turn out badly, and how you would never live like this for 30 additional years. Obviously not every person has each one of those manifestations unfailingly. At the point when individuals are clinically discouraged, they have this for a considerable length of time, months, and frequently years. About everybody knows somebody who has been seriously discouraged as 6% of the total populace has had a scene of extreme wretchedness like this. Self destruction happens in 15% of discouraged individuals. Sadness in young youngsters might be one of the most ignored and under rewarded mental disarranges of adolescence, introducing a genuine psychological wellness issue. Wretchedness in kids has become a significant issue in investigate because of its numerous enthusiastic structures, and its relationship to reckless practices. Burdensome clutters are of specific significance to class therapists, who are frequently positioned in the best situation to recognize, allude, and treat discouraged kids. Strategies should be created to distinguish melancholy in understudies to abstain from permitting those youngsters battling with sorrow to go undetected. Gloom is one of the most treatable types of scatters, with a 80-90% possibility of progress if people get treatment (Dubuque, 1998). On the other ... <!

The Concept of Strategic HRM

Question: Depict about The Concept of Strategic HRM? Answer: Vital Human Resource Management (SHRM) is an administration of the labor in the organization, wherein the organization needs to achieve the upper hand through their kin. Vital HRM plainly discusses incorporating the job of HRM and the methodologies of the organization. The inquiry here emerges that for what reason should the top administration take the people groups contemplations while making its corporate methodologies. The response to this is on the grounds that scholarly capital is considered as a significant wellspring of upper hand and furthermore with regards to the execution of vital arrangement the individuals actualize it. It includes making strides in individuals the board through which organization wishes to accomplish their drawn out objectives. The procedure is adjusted towards the point that organization needs to have individuals with elevated level of specific and nonexclusive ranges of abilities, individuals are inspired and submitted towards accomplishing the drawn out objectives of the organization. It manages expansive issues like viability of association and execution coordinating of the assets and their necessities and so on. On an increasingly fundamental level it manages significant issues of individuals that influence the vital arrangement of the association and furthermore what is the impact of key arrangement on these issues. The ventures that are made for the advancement of individuals isn't seen as the disastrous expense yet it is somewhat seen as a benefit. (Salaman, Story, and Billsberry, 2005). There are 3 fundamental recommendation based on which SHRM depends on: (Armstrong, 2005) A conviction that Human Resource assumes an extremely basic job in helping the associations to accomplish their drawn out objectives Adjusting the ranges of abilities of the assets towards the firm techniques Keeping up Mutual help among the companions Presently, since the organization is moving towards the future development possibilities and we should build up our framework to accomplish our future objectives. In that light, we have to concentrate on the HRD, as this will be greatest resource which will assist us with winning the race. Right off the bat, the power is dynamic and can learn and re-learn things rapidly. Furthermore, it is that upper hand that isn't anything but difficult to copy. Subsequently, we need to contribute today towards SHRM Significance of Human Resource Development in the Organization: Comprehend the market elements that are winning today. We additionally have best individuals in the business to assist us with accomplishing the objectives. Yet, as we realize that these elements are impermanent and in very nearly ZERO time, we have another should be fulfilled in the market with new contributions. Around then the more seasoned ranges of abilities are out of date and we need new ranges of abilities. Around then its the Human Resource Department that comes into picture and cause them to achieve those Skill sets.(Stewart, 2008). HRD helps in making the HR able. Its capacity is to build up the ability and information on individuals for which it gives skilled HR as per the activity necessities. HRD is a significant instrument being developed of Human aptitude and Knowledge as it helps in vocation improvement. It helps in making workers who have duty towards their occupations. Individuals work in an association for picking up the right compensation for their work and that is something, which keeps them spurred, submitted and empowering in giving their 100% in the work doled out to them. The whole prize administration and remuneration the board is finished by the HR dept. as a piece of Human Resource improvement to keep them spurred to accomplish the best outcomes. (Therith, 2009) Each activity requires some ranges of abilities. Along these lines, exceptional range of abilities individuals is required and that is accomplished through enlistment and that is one of the prime significant job as a piece of HRD. It is basic that individuals with right ranges of abilities ought to be given the correct undertaking so that there is an occupation fulfillment among the individuals. No association in this world can remain comparable from start till the end. Change is a significant piece of the business and executing this change is fairly a troublesome assignment. HRD here functions as a significant facilitator of progress the board in an association. Through improved acts of work the executives connection it is significant apparatus for illuminating the contentions inside an association. Preparing and improvement are devices of HRD which help in the advancement of the workers by coordinating the necessities with the authoritative turn of events. Workers better act in an association due to the aptitudes and capacities that are created by the assistance of HRD. Different incidental significance might be: (Ruth Mayhew, 2015) Planning the right remuneration structure. Enrolling the right individuals for the adept occupation Security Structure for giving the protected workplace Consistence: This is again basic, since as we will develop, we should adhere to certain government laws and as a piece of HRD, appropriate structure should be followed. We should create work-ways manual. Which we will be following as a piece of Code of Conduct, Policies and systems. This will be taken consideration by the Human Resource Development Department. All the above expressed focuses are the concise blueprint of the significance of HRD. Structure of Strategic Human Resource Development: For this report we have picked the Aspirational Human Resource Development Framework. Which will catch the three sides of the business:(SUSAN E. JACKSON, 2014) Outside Environments Impact: External effects like Markets, works, Laws Regulation and so forth. Organization Direct Environment: The inward condition of Objective, culture and Structure. The HRM System that gives the working approaches and Environment and Internal Stake Holders for example what inside partners have picked up Outside Stake Holders: Investors, clients and Society, about what have they picked up. This edge work will mean the most to us, because of the accompanying reasons: We are currently intending to turn into a greater association, in such manner we will have a different arrangement of rules, advertise powers, guidelines and so forth administering us and we need a particular set up to manage this. For the companys direct condition, we will have certain objectives to be met and for accomplishing these objectives we need individuals who will help us as a significant power. The right pay structure, fitting trainings and advancement exercises, all the guidelines and arrangements and so forth. There must be an appropriate HRM framework that we need to create. Since, careful that framework we will soak up the way of life in the individuals for the objectives to be accomplished in the coming days. Outside Stake Holders: There are three significant partners that we are responsible to, right off the bat our speculators. We need to give them returns and that profits is accomplished through main concern and we have accomplish high primary concern with right individuals just and subsequently, we need a solid undeniable division to deal with these issues. Likewise, we need to offer some incentive to our clients and we can accomplish it through high caliber of our item, again the range of abilities of our kin will be pioneer prerequisite and again further legitimizes the divisions need. The Strategic Human asset Process, Roles in SHRM: (Singh, 2004) This is a 3 phase process: Plan of Business Strategy and making it in accordance with HE Strategy Making the frameworks in HRM in accordance with the procedure Checking the viability of the framework actualized The initial segment of the procedure is the definition of the business system which gives the base to with regards to why vital HRM happens. In this stage the association perceives the HR office as a vital accomplice and is giving chances. The main stage requires the nearness of the group organization that is useful in the definition of business technique. The following stage in the process is the making it perfect with the lines of system. This implies making sync between the HRM frameworks and the system that is being executed. The third step in the process is tied in with checking the adequacy of the methodology that is executed. And furthermore appropriately observing it. The last advance of checking the adequacy is the most significant advance in such a case that this piece of the procedure isn't done appropriately it can demolish the whole vital arrangement. For this situation we might want to suggest the Two-Way Vertical fit framework for the SHRM for example we wont simply cause HR to be an alternate vertical however will to include the HR is dynamic casing fill in too. There will be practical methodology that will be created and this will fit into the HR Strategy to deal with the work power. This would incorporate exercises like making society changes, Identification of the capacities of mergers and acquisitions and effectively making changes in the business structure. There will be sure empowering agents and obstacles that will be available to characterize this system. This two way vertical fit would fill in as an intuitive exertion between business procedure and HR methodology with the goal that every capacity in a manner to profit one another. The business procedure thusly would be intuitive to the HR methodology. Execution of HR Strategy: We will be following the accompanying strides for usage of HR Strategies: (Martin, 2014) Rethinking the Companys Vision: Companys vision must keep the job of HR and significance of People at elevated level. The model could be: To be a people situated organization with vision towards objectives accomplishment, to be known as an organization where individuals manufacture their vocations Such a dream explanation will have sway on the psyche of the individuals and they will consider that organization thinks about them. Reclassifying the degree and work-methods of HR office: Introducing the new work-ways for HR like market amendments, maintenance reward and so on. With the goal that we don't lose the basic assets. Examining the requirements of the organization: We should guarantee that short, medium and long haul objective must be set appropriately. Actualizing the arrangement and it must be obvious: The accompanying issues must be sent right away: Administration grants Maintenance reward Climbs in the

Friday, August 21, 2020

Contemporary People and Environmental Management

Question: Talk about the Contemporary People and Environmental Management. Answer: Presentation Directing people at work is the central activity in most authoritative occupations. Starting late, the suitable organization of people at work has ended up being dynamically basic due to different changes in the outside condition in which affiliations work and changes in the method of affiliations themselves. In particular, line heads end up being mentioned to make and apply singular organization aptitudes, which in the past would have been the zone of human asset the board (HRM) specialists (Kaiser et al. 2014). The HRM limit of an affiliation manages the individual pieces of the business relationship - from specialist enrollment and assurance to worldwide work relations, pay rates and wages. HRM is a capricious blend of science and artisanship, imagination and sound judgment. At one level, HR practice draws on budgetary issues, mind examine, human science, human investigations, political examinations, and crucial and systems considering. At an operational level, accomplishment depe nds on upon relational associations (Hendry 2012). This report takes a gander at understanding the present practices in the business, the existent issues and proposes answers for them. Research Key guidelines and practices associated with Human asset the executives return to the beginning of humankind. Parts were delivered for the decision of intertwined pioneers, for example, and learning was reported and decided in favor of the adolescent about security, prosperity, pursuing, and amassing. More advanced Human asset the executives limits were made as exactly on schedule as 1000 and 2000 B.C. Specialist determination tests have been followed back to 1115 B.C. in China, for instance. What's more, the most prompt kind of mechanical preparing, the pupil structure, was started in old Greek and Babylonian human progressions before getting recognizable quality in the midst of medieval occasions. The necessity for a made kind out of HRM rose in the midst of the cutting edge revolt, as the collecting system created from a lodge structure to assembling plant age. Assignments were disseminated by, for example, the capacity to discover food or plants, track creatures or cook, yet the immense obligation to the movement of the HRM frameworks is given by mechanical change in the 1800's (Burma 2014). Altogether all the more beginning late, affiliations consider the HR division as tolerating an imperative part in staffing, preparing and overseeing individuals with the goal that individuals and the connection are performing all things considered essential limit in a phenomenally satisfying manner. In the general business, HRM is progressively observed as a contemporary change to reshape work relationship as an instrument that may have enough superseded other association conventions. Since the 1980s, human asset association (HRM) framework has changed into a key subject for the association district, HRM procedure has satisfied its recognizable quality since it gives power and progress administrative proficiency in the business zone (Story 2014). By and large, HR association would like to develop obligations of pros in affiliations. Those duties are new insights, profitably working and achieving. HR association ought to be liable for social core interests. This recommends HR administrators should bear on reasonably to social great measures and then, they should limit the negative characteristics on relationship as a delayed consequence of their requesting from affiliations. HR association is in like way liable for affiliations. This it tends to be guessable from the idea. Their concentrates initially grow reasonably and higher gages of working spots for each master. As indicated by Stone (2013), elements of HRM include: Helping the relationship in pulling in the quality and proportion of applicants required as for the connection's system and operational objectives, staffing needs, and required culture. Assisting with keeping up execution guidelines and expansion productivity through introduction, prepare, movement, work orchestrate, persuading correspondence, and execution evaluation Assisting with making a situation in which masters are urged to make and use their aptitudes unbounded. Assisting with creating and keep up charming working relationship with delegates. Assisting with making and keep up guaranteed and solid workplace. Advancement of exercises to meet cash related, mental, and social needs of the authorities. Helping the relationship to hold beneficial operators and guaranteeing that the alliance agrees to normal/commonplace and government laws influencing the work put, for example, human rights, business regard, word related success and security. Working inside existing neighborhood frameworkscoordinating overall gadgets into close by structures Making a strong corporate culture Making an overall framework for structure advancementworldwide data is essential Regarding close by people as equal associates in structure headway Surveying customary parts transversely over geologies Concentrating on what to check and allowing versatility in how to measure Taking into account close by increases past focus segments Separating when fundamental Preparing close by people to utilize sound judgment about which instruments to use and how to do all things considered Keeping up convincing correspondence constantly Devoting resources for overall HR attempts Knowing, or having section to someone who knows, the real requirements in each country Conversation People accept a central part in the regard creation handle that about fathoms the manner in which an affiliation works and the consequences of its activities. Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and acceptability is a basic piece of the technique. CSR differs from whatever other corporate development. It oversees issues like common tainting, adolescent work and thing security, which are normally seen as outside the ordinary furthest reaches of a business. Jonny Gifford, ask about advisor to the Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) battles that people organization has a three-cover part in corporate social obligation (CSR) a similar number of points of view relate to HR organization (Forbes.com 2016). He states human resource organization (HRM) people needs to guarantee people organization rehearses are good and furthermore, and to introduce corporate commitment, people ought to be given the correct help and planning and HRM people has a section in learning and he adway side of that. The third edge is introducing ethics into the legitimate culture. That is tied in with being skilled at board level to ask the testing inquiries. Embeddings corporate commitment into a business is tied in with making it a consolidated mostly of life of the affiliation, included Gifford. Various affiliations have put strongly in CSR programs in a proposal to restore trust among their investors, laborers and customers and improve their corporate picture. We should discuss careful business more for it to hone however much as could reasonably be expected. There are two wide perspectives to corporate commitment: one is the conventional spotlight on CSR, which is what the connection does with the adjoining social occasions wherein it works and regular methods, and after that exercises that are center to the business and how they advantage (Forbes.com 2016). Associations go up against troubles and limitations as they execute CSR and sensibility. These by and large relate either to policy driven issues or to genuine level concerns and are routinely presented in culture. The multifaceted plan of working in a general society puts new requests on affiliations and their drive. As the parts and responsibilities of government are being renamed and the cutoff focuses among business and government wind up being less clear, the composed work shows that business pioneers are going toward a stunning pack of difficulties. In the new time of CSR, the necessities of the associates, customers, workers, national and furthermore comprehensive controllers, secure mutts, NGOs, and dissenter social occasions must be satisfied (Jamali, El Dirani and Harwood 2015). Welford (2013) recognizes the difficulties in CSR and Sustainability the executives in the alleged nations of change: Overseeing appropriately the effect of CSR exercises like planning, usage, appraisal and development on the focused on networks Arrangement of duties and corporate techniques that attention on legitimization and harmonization in the economy, consistence, moral conduct and manageability in partner inclinations; non-monetary hazard the executives with regards to mark, notoriety, provincial permit for tasks The executives of the maintainability execution advancement strategy to keep up partner fulfillment The contamination and the interfaces of cash related stagnation and social decay Treatment of the companion affiliations The CSR talkincluding the blurred uttermost spans of CSR, the underdevelopment of the urban culture, the cash related reality, the moral gages, and the endeavors at caution of business End As showed by the rising contents, there is a mounting care that industry needs to adapt to its contribution with the more wide-extending society. Exchange pioneers are in charge of their associations' result on the general population and the general natural surroundings past authentic consistence and the commitment of individuals. View of, adherence to, and dealing with the estimation of social commitment and practicality have been able to be objectives for business pioneers today. The view today is that business should look for after advantages; clearly, also that business should try to achieve social focuses, for instance, unselfishness, too. Business pioneers, in like manner, should now solidify social obligation and reasonability organization

4 Tips for Letters of Recommendation COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog

4 Tips for Letters of Recommendation COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY - SIPA Admissions Blog One of the most valuable components of your application package are the letters of recommendation. These three letters tell us who you are from the perspectives of the professors,  colleagues and supervisors who presumably  know you the best. So make sure you chose three recommenders who, either individually or in aggregate, will give us the best sense of your qualifications for study at SIPA. When it comes to selecting these three people, you should: 1.  Select Appropriate References SIPA prefers that your three references be a mix of professors, internship supervisors, and former or  current employers/colleagues. (We do not recommend using relatives as references.) You should select references who  know you and your work well enough to comment on it and should be people who will speak highly of you. When getting a reference from a job or internship, choose someone who was in a position of authority over you and who viewed your work firsthand. Dont, for example, use the company president as your reference unless that person worked closely with you. (A generic paragraph from the CEO wont  hold more weight than a detailed-page written by a direct supervisor.) Also, do not use co-workers in positions equal to yours as their objectivity may be subject to question and their opinion not as highly valued. 2.  Make Sure They Actually  Like You OK, this seems obvious, but youd be surprised at how many letters we receive where  the recommender  admits in their letter that they have nothing positive to say about the applicant, or they dont know why the applicant asked them to write a letter on their behalf. So make sure you  choose people you actually have a professional relationship with and who actually want  to write a  letter for you. 3.  Remind Your Recommender Who You Are Oftentimes youll be reaching out to a  professor or former employer you havent spoken to in months (or even years). While they may remember your name, theyre  not necessarily going to remember everything you accomplished while working with them. So  its a good idea to give the recommender a written outline highlighting your job duties, classroom projects, accomplishments or skills learned under their  leadership. Make sure the  outline you provide them is as accurate and specific as possible to help jog their memory. If that doesnt work, dont be surprised if youre asked to draft a letter yourself. It may be a little awkward writing your own recommendation letter, but its a great way to take an objective look at your performance. So  you should be honest, but definitely not modest! 4.  Tell Them About Your Goals, as They Relate to SIPA Dont forget to explain to your recommender why youre applying to SIPA and what you hope to accomplish with your degree. Too often we receive generic letters that dont apply to the course of study youre applying to, and therefore hold little to no weight. So when outlining your past achievements for the recommender to review, you should also include  details that relate directly  to the MIA/MPA program.

Friday, June 26, 2020

Ethnography in Research Essay - 2750 Words

Ethnography in Research (Essay Sample) Content: ETHNOGRAPHY IN RESEARCH.ETHNOGRAPHYIntroductionEthnography, as the empirical data on human societies and cultures, was pioneered in the biological, social, and cultural branches of anthropology but has also become popular in the social sciences in general-sociology, communication studies, history-wherever people study ethnic groups, formations, compositions, resettlements, social welfare characteristics, materiality, spirituality, and a people's ethno-genesis (Greertz, 1973; Philipsen, 1992). The typical ethnography is a holistic study and so includes a brief history, and an analysis of the terrain, the climate, and the habitat. In all cases it should be reflexive, make a substantial contribution toward the understanding of the social life of humans, have an aesthetic impact on the reader, and express a credible reality. It observes the world (the study) from the point of view of the subject (not the participant ethnographer) and records all observed behavior and desc ribes all symbol-meaning relations using concepts that avoid casual explanations.DefinitionThe word ethnography is from Greek à ¡Ã‚ ¼ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¸ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ½ÃƒÅ½Ã‚ ¿Ãƒ  denoting ethnos "folk, people" and ÃŽÂ ³Ãƒ Ã‚ ÃƒÅ½Ãƒ Ãƒ  denoting grapho "to write". It is a qualitative research design for exploring cultural phenomena. According to Greertz, (1973), and Philipsen, (1992) ethnography reflects the knowledge and the system of meanings embedded in lives of a cultural group. Ethnography graphically represents and in writing, the culture of a people).HistoryAccording to Ember, (2006) ethnography as a concept was developed by a professor of history and geography, Gerhard Friedrich MÃÆ' ¼ller, as a separate discipline whilst participating in the Second Kamchatka Expedition (1733-43). It is during that expedition that he differentiated VÃÆ'lker-Beschreibung as a distinct area of study. It became known as ethnography. In an attempt to reform the contemporary understanding of world hist ory, the term was introduced into the academic discourse by August Ludwig von SchlÃÆ'zer and Christoph Wilhelm Jacob Gatterer of the University of Gottingen.MethodologyAccording to Brewer, (2003) "data collection methods are meant to capture the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"social meanings and ordinary activitiesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ of people (informants) in à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"naturally occurring settingsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ that are commonly referred to as à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"the field.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬" He further adds thatthe goal is to collect data in such a way that the researcher imposes a minimal amount of their own bias on the data. Multiple methods of data collection may be employed to facilitate a relationship that allows for a more personal and in-depth portrait of the informants and their community." These can include participant observation, field notes, interviews, and surveys. Interviews are often taped and later transcribed, allowing the interview to proceed unimpaired of note-taking, but with all information av ailable later for full analysis. Secondary research and document analysis are also employed to provide insight into the research topic. In the past kinship charts were commonly used to "discover logical patterns and social structure in non-Western societies". However anthropology today focuses more on the study of urban settings and the use of kinship charts is seldom employed CITATION Bre \l 1033 (Brewer, 2000).According to Nightingale, (2008) if the data collection and interpretation is to be transparent, researchers creating ethnographies often attempt to be "reflexive." He add that "reflexivity refers to the researcher's aim à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"to explore the ways in which the researcher's involvement with a particular study influences, acts upon and informs such researchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬." He says that no researcher can be totally unbiased despite these attempts of reflexivity, which has provided a basis to criticize ethnography.Garsen, (2008) adduces that "traditionally, the ethnograph er focuses attention on a community, selecting knowledgeable informants who know the activities of the community well. These informants are typically asked to identify other informants who represent the community, often using chain sampling." He says that "this process is often effective in revealing common cultural denominators connected to the topic being studied." Furthermore "ethnography relies greatly on up-close, personal experience. Participation, rather than just observation, is one of the keys to this process. Ethnography is very useful in social research" CITATION Gar08 \l 1033 (Garson, 2008).Differences across disciplinesThe ethnographic methods will differ across a range of different disciplines. The method used by anthropologist will differ from that used by sociologists. Equally varying disciplines such as cultural studies, social work, education, economics, ethnomusicology, folklore, geography, history, religious studies, linguistics, performance studies, advertising , communication studies, usability, psychology, and criminology will use different ethnographic approaches Chavez, (1997).Cultural and social anthropologyAccording to Chavez, (1997) "the typical ethnography is a document written about a particular people, almost always based at least in part on emic views of where the culture begins and ends. Using language or community boundaries to bind the ethnography is common." He says that "ethnographies are also called à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‹Å"case studies.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬ Ethnographers study and interpret culture, its universalities and its variations through ethnographic study based on fieldwork.à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ According to Chavex, (1997) "ethnography is a specific kind of written observational science which provides an account of a particular culture, society, or community. The fieldwork usually involves spending a year or more in another society, living with the local people and learning about their ways of life. Ethnographers are participant observers. They take part in events they study because it helps with understanding local behavior and thought.Heider, (2001) and Ember, (2006) a typical ethnography attempts to be holistic and typically follows an outline to include a brief history of the culture in question, an analysis of the physical geography or terrain inhabited by the people under study, including climate, and often including what biological anthropologists call habitat. Folk notions of botany and zoology are presented as ethno-botany and ethno-zoology alongside refere...

Sunday, May 24, 2020

How Pollution Effects On Us - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 789 Downloads: 9 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Tags: Pollution Essay Did you like this example? The necessity for change in our step by step lives and the improvements of our organization is creating. Since such countless parts turn out to be potentially the most essential factor; voting, administrative issues, the need to stick to standard, various people dont consider that what they do will impact who and what is to come. If individuals continue pushing ahead in such a dangerous way towards the future, by then there will be no future to consider. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Pollution Effects On Us?" essay for you Create order Regardless of the way that its legitimate that we cant physically keep our ozone layer from lessening (and scientists are so far encountering trouble understanding what is causing it decisively,) there are still such countless we can do to endeavor and put an engraving in what we unquestionably know. By exposing issues in your adjacent gathering and inside your families about these issues, you can help add to an all the more earth conscious and genial place for you to live. Defilement comes in various structures. Air, soil, and water all have the ability to be dirtied. Tainting speaks to a present and future risks to people and nature. Degraded waters are undrinkable. Defiled air weakens the ozone layer and causes therapeutic issues. Spoiled soil decimates living spaces and water framework. As a human, your body is fundamentally affected by sullying if its detectable surrounding you breathe in or the water you drink. Pollution puts animals and nature in fundamental condition that nobody yet individuals can restore. It is one of the best killers on the planet, and it takes more than 100 million lives every last year † and that is basically human lives. People who live in regions with strange measures of air sullying are 20 percent more slanted to fail horrendously of lung development † paying little respect to whether theyve never snatched a cigarette in their lives. We dump an expansive number of pounds of refuse and trillions of gallons of untreated sewage and whirlwind water into the oceans and conduits every single year. Remembering the true objective to see restored air, water, and soil, its fundamental to recover from pollution. By means of viewing over the organic groups, settling on viable choices and obliging the amount of advantages used, there is potential for recovery from defilement. Pollution is essentially the surge of solid, liquid and vaporous wastes in sums more noticeable than the point of confinement of maintenance of nature. This excess direct intrudes with the amicability of situations. Of the sorts of tainting we know, air sullying and the defilement of the oceans has accomplished focusing on degrees. The most generally perceived poisons in the earth are carbon monoxide, particulate issue, sulfur oxides, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides. These experts begin from once again the best present day activity, start of regular materials, motor vehicle exhausts and the outpouring of blend misuses, as often as possible unsafe, by preparing plants and research offices. Another factor related with air defilement is the dreadful stench transmitted by particular endeavors, for instance, tanneries, paper plants, cellulose, among others. Carbon dioxide expect a basic part as a controller of the earth in that it holds the infrared radiation of the Sun thusly offsetting the Earths temperature through the Greenhouse Effect. Regardless, the high and growing levels of carbon dioxide may provoke a development on the planets temperature causing, among various damages, the softening of the polar zones, flooding the coastline areas of all the Rain is the guideline authority of sullying, other than dragging into the sea soil harms, manures, pesticides, et cetera., can pass on poisons in nature, these storms are called Acid Rain. Non-acidic rain has a pH close to 6 and is seen as acidic when its pH is under 5. Defilements display in destructive rain, for the most part sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide, are conveyed by start of coal, oil and its subordinates. In contact with the vapor of water of the air, these toxins can at exhibit make distinctive substances by techniques for compound reactions. Sulfur dioxide, for example, reacting with water may shape sulfuric destructive. This kind of rain has high ruinous power in the spots where it falls. It rams forests, devouring the leaves of the trees, making the earth acidic or causing its breaking down. Exactly when precipitation accomplishes streams and lakes, the pH of the water is changed and may incite the death of fish and green development. Sullying of water for human usage can cause restorative issues, joining agitating impacts in the tactile framework. One technique for keeping up a key separation from this wonder is control the outpouring of poisons, for instance, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide by ventures, the use of reactant channels to the exhaust of motor vehicles, and clear effective control.

Monday, May 18, 2020

Mix of Journalism and Fiction in Truman Capotes In Cold...

John Hollowells, critical analysis of Truman Capotes novel In Cold Blood focuses on the way Capote used journalism and fiction to try and create a new form of writing (82-84). First, Capote involves his reader. This immediacy, this spellbinding you-are-there effect, comes less from the sensational facts (which are underplayed) than from the fictive techniques Capote employs (Hollowell 82). Capote takes historical facts and brings in scenes, dialogue, and point of view to help draw the reader in (Hollowell 82). Capote also took into consideration which parts of information to use by how dramatic of an appeal they had (Hollowell 82). His talent led him to figure out what would have the most significance and impact to make the†¦show more content†¦Smiths portrayal if analyzed in detail will encompass all of the aspects that Capote uses to create literature rather than journalism. Smiths dialogue and scenes are the major ways Capote meshes a real person into literature (Hollowell 83). Capote creates sympathy for Smith in the reader by comparing him to a wounded animal, a creature who is not able to be responsible for his actions, an outcast from society, and a psychic cripple (Hollowell 83). These character traits are added to the book to advance the dramatic heightening. Both killers are given sympathy and are treated as individuals by Capote to bring it beyond the average thriller novel (Hollowell 83). Next, Capote puts the fiction tool of symbols to use. Overall, the way he webs together the facts creates a pattern of violence that is part of American life (Hollowell 83). He also has selective repetition of certain images, landscapes, and atmospheric details [to] create a cumulative impact (Hollowell 83). Through these symbols he provokes the reader to come to ones own decision on moral interpretations and meanings of events. The Clutter family is written in a fashion to show they were the normal American family and by fate were entangled with killers (Hollowell 83). Hollowell states, Capote creates a mythic dimension through this portrayal (83). The dimension shows the reader how this crime completely disturbs the community of Holcomb and anShow MoreRelatedCold Blood by Truman Capote900 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1965, Truman Capote created the infamous tale known as â€Å"In Cold Blood†. The book created the illusion of fantasy while based on reality. Many people were floored at the brilliance Capote demonstrated within the pages. The book took the literary concept of a novel with the literary elements of designed scenes, characters, a story formed with an introduction, rising action, climax and resolution to the real events surrounding the murder of the Clutter family. Those that worked in the field of

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Interview With An Exclusive Interview - 2273 Words

Introduction Fool me once shame on you, fool me twice shame on me. Time after time again we have seen Charlie Sheen apologizing for his antics; so after all this time what is it that makes Charlie Sheen so forgivable? Sheen has been forgiven in the past for his antics, however, this time a simple apology might not be able to recover his image as easily as before. The purpose of this paper is to look further in depth at Sheen’s exclusive interview with the Today Show and determine if any image repair strategies are utilized. In this paper I will first set up the background story to explain the accusations held against Sheen and why he decided to do an exclusive interview. I will provide a transcript of Sheens’ interview broken up in†¦show more content†¦Furthering these reports, one woman recorded her conversations with Sheen about these allegations. In the conversation she is heard asking Sheen why he did not tell her that he was infected and he replied with, â€Å" Becaus e it is none of your f***ing business† (Radar Online). After all these reports came into light, Sheen decided to take action and put an end to these â€Å"smear campaigns†. Late November 2015, Sheen appeared on the Today Show to speak out on his health issues and be interview by Matt Lauer. The transcript, provided by LYBIO.net, between Lauer and Sheen will be broken up into parts based off of the use of an image repair strategy, to which I will then analyze and evaluate each strategy used in that individual statement. To refer to the full transcript of the interview refer back to the appendix. Repair Strategy Analysis - Mortification Denial [Charlie Sheen:] – Transcript (LYBIO.net) I have to, I have to. I’m here to admit that I’m am in fact HIV positive and I am um†¦ I – I – I have to put a stop to this onslaught, this barrage of attacks and sub truths and very harmful and mercurial stories about threatening the health of so many others that couldn’t be further from the truth. When analyzing the first part of Sheen’s interview, he states that he is in fact HIV positive; he makes this statement because he claims to want to put a stop to the false harmful and hateful rumors of him being a threat to the health of others.Show MoreRelatedFilm Analysis: Roman Holiday Essay1005 Words   |  5 Pagesone a duty to their country and family; the other a duty to their job. The former is Princess Ann who is being suffocated by her duties. The latter is Joe Bradley who is supposed to be gaining an exclusive interview with the princess for his newspaper. He is hoping to gain enough money from this interview to pay off his debts and return home to the States. They run into each other late one night after Princess Ann has run away from the Embassy. Ann had been given something to help her to sleep beforeRead MoreEffectiveness Of Using Technology With A View1554 Words   |  7 Pagesvideos to give feedback and build on existing good practice. The present study invo lves school staff that work with ASD pupils. Having stated the above, the existing study therefore took place utilising a combination of face to face audio recorded interview and questionnaires and took place in a special school area in South East Essex The school in question is a special school and was recently converted into an academy. It is an all-inclusive school, consisting of pre-school, primary and secondary pupilsRead MoreLone Wolf Terrorists In Conjunction With The DSM-5907 Words   |  4 Pagesefficient manner. Particularly, all relevant documents (manifestos, interviews, medical files, and essays) will be reviewed and considered when formulating questions pertinent to the proposed study’s hypothesis. It is expected for questions to mainly have an exclusive nature due to the topic of the research; however, questions regarding personal pleasantries and other inclusive questions will be utilized at the beginning of the interview to establish a rapport with the participant. Furthermore, as theRead MoreHuman Resource Team : Google Human Resources Team958 Words   |  4 Pagescandidate Google obtains many interviews in the screening process. The human resource team in Google obtains the interview over the phone. These types of interviews can help limit the field of applicants. The telephone interview is also helpful for the company to figure out if the job seeker has the essential qualifications for a face to face interview. The Google human resource team uses structured interviews concepts, as well as job knowledge evaluation. Structured interviews are the most popular wayRead MoreAnalysis Of Google Human Resource Team978 Words   |  4 Pagescandidate Google obtains many interviews in the screening process. The human resource team in Google obtains the interview over the phone. These types of interviews can help limit the field of applicants. The telephone interview is also helpful for the company to figure out if the job seeker has the essential qualifications for a face to face interview. The Google human resource team uses structured interviews concepts, as well as job knowledge evaluation. Structured interviews are the most popular wayRead MoreEssay On Social Media Audit929 Words   |  4 Pagesfeature the identical items. They all show movie posters and trailers, fan art, upcoming movie release dates, memorabilia from popular movies, and interviews with actors and filmmakers. It appears that the company itself operates AMC Theaters social media accounts. Their YouTube channel shows movie trailers, reviews, film news, and exclusive interviews. Each of their social media account is meant to encourage the general public to go to the theaters and become subscribers to their AMC Stubs MembersRead MoreBiography of Barbara Walters1711 Words   |  7 PagesRosalynn Carter. The following year, she set precedent by arranging the first joint interview with Prime Minister Menachem Begin of Israel and President Anwar Sadat of Egypt. In 1979, Walters became a part-time co rrespondent for the ABC news magazine program 20/20. She scored an exclusive interview with Richard Nixon in 1980 (his first TV interview since his resignation in 1974). In 1981, Walters’ perennial pre-Oscar interview program premiered (with actress Katharine Hepburn), and, in 1984, she signedRead MoreBra Boys:blood is thicker then water777 Words   |  4 Pagesa gang that dispute with the law by an act of violence. The Bra Boys have interpreted issues and events by emphasizing the importance of family, belonging, brotherhood and multiculturalism. The use of presenting constructed footage and personal interviews endorses viewers to see the Bra Boys from a positive light, boys who are role models to younger generations of surfers and accept multiculturalism. Events and reenactments within the film proves this documentary is a interpretation of the truthRead MoreThe Management Of Communication Between An Organization And Its Stakeholders914 Words   |  4 Pagesnews, conducting press interviews and holding organized marketing events are three examples of effective tactical PR initiatives. Hard news can be defined as information that serves as â€Å"serious news of widespread import, concerning politics, foreign affairs, or the like, as distinguished from routine news items, feature stories, or human-interest stories† (â€Å"Hard news†, 2016). (Example goes here). Another tactic often used in public relations is the use of interviews. An interview is generally â€Å"a formalRead MoreEnhanced Interrogation Techniques During The United States1243 Words   |  5 Pagesretired CIA psychologist, Dr. James Mitchell. After years of interviews, he continues to neither confirm nor deny this speculation, although he clearly expresses strong views in support of EIT’s existence and implementation.â€Å"I would be stunned if they found any kind of evidence as they were being applied yielded actionable intelligence†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Mitchell says in response to a question about his views on the interrogation program (Vice News Exclusive, 2014). President W. Bush believed that lives were actually

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Self Care. Caring For Yourself

Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Self Care Caring for yourself after you have been diagnosed with gestational diabetes (gestational diabetes mellitus) means keeping your blood sugar (glucose) under control with a balance of: †¢ Nutrition. †¢ Exercise. †¢ Lifestyle changes. †¢ Medicine, if necessary. †¢ Support from your team of health care providers and others. The following information will explain what you need to know when managing your gestational diabetes at home. WHAT SHOULD I KNOW ABOUT MANAGING MY BLOOD GLUCOSE? You should check your blood glucose level every day during your pregnancy, as told by your health care provider. Your health care provider will set individualized treatment goals for you based on the stage of†¦show more content†¦Family members and close friends should also know the symptoms and should understand how to treat hypoglycemia, in case if you are not able to treat yourself. What are the symptoms of hypoglycemia? †¢ Tremors or shakes. †¢ Decreased ability to concentrate. †¢ Sweating. †¢ Increased heart rate. †¢ Headache. †¢ Blurry vision. †¢ Dry mouth. †¢ Hunger. †¢ Irritability. †¢ Anxiety. †¢ Restless sleep. †¢ A change in speech. †¢ A change in coordination. †¢ Confusion. How do I treat hypoglycemia? If you are alert and able to swallow safely, follow the 15:15 rule: †¢ Take 15 grams of a rapid-acting carbohydrate. Rapid-acting options include: ââ€"‹ 1 tube of glucose gel. ââ€"‹ 3 glucose pills. ââ€"‹ 6–8 pieces of hard candy. ââ€"‹ 4 oz (120 mL) of fruit juice or regular (not diet) soda. †¢ Check your blood glucose level 15 minutes after you take the carbohydrate. †¢ If the repeat blood glucose level is still at or below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L), take 15–20 grams of a carbohydrate again. †¢ If your blood glucose level does not increase above 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L) after 3 attempts, seek emergency medical care. †¢ After your blood glucose level returns to normal, eat a meal or a snack within 1 hour. How do I treat severe hypoglycemia? Severe hypoglycemia is when your blood glucose level is at or below 54 mg/dL (3 mmol/L). Severe hypoglycemia is an emergency.Show MoreRelatedHesi Practice31088 Words   |  125 Pagesless than 2,500 g (5 lb, 8 oz). B. A low-birth-weight neonate. C. A neonate born at less than 37 weeks gestation regardless of weight. D. A neonate diagnosed with intrauterine growth retardation. 2. A client with type 1 (insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus has just learned she s pregnant. The nurse is teaching her about insulin requirements during pregnancy. Which guideline should the nurse provide? A. Insulin requirements don t change during pregnancy. Continue your current regimen. B. Insulin

Is The Government Restricting Our Rights - 1077 Words

Is The Government Limiting Our Rights â€Å"If we ever forget we are one nation under god, then we will be a nation gone under† - Ronald Reagan. Gun control, free speech and social media, some of the most controversial topics of this century, many believe they limit our rights, others think they’re useless and need to be gotten rid of. I, on the other hand, just think they’re exaggerated. Our government may be corrupt in some places, and really almost any spot of power or wealth is corrupt in some way, but that doesn t mean that the entire system is corrupt and that they need to be taken out, it just means it needs to be modified. I believe the government, while somewhat corrupt, still fights for our rights. Whether it be free speech, social media, or gun control, I think the government uses their power as they should. In the First Amendment, it says you have the right to speak freely and protest peacefully, but as the years have gone by, certain exceptions have been made. Now, many people think this is outrageous, saying that â€Å"That’s not right, that’s limiting our rights!†, or â€Å"They’re abusing their power!†. Now, yes, the fact that they have made exceptions to the very essence may be very controversial, and I could see why people would be upset. But, if you actually read about what they are restricting, I think you would agree that they are not outrageous at all and are quite necessary to have, as most deal with very inappropriate and downright wrong topics,Show MoreRelatedBooks Like The Harry Potter Series, Go Ask Alice, Or The Hunger Games1417 Words   |  6 Pagesbooks places an authoritarian outlook on our school systems and freedom to read in America. An authoritarian government places restrictions on citizen’s freedoms in return for power over their country. By restricting children’s right to read, one is also restricting their First Amendment rights. The First Amendment states that Congress shall not restrict one’s freedom of speech and press. The author of the publication and the readers are getting their rights torn out from under them as if the FirstRead MoreTobacco Advertising And The Indian Government997 Words   |  4 PagesTobacco Advertising and the Indian Government An Analysis of the Case Study In February of 2001, India joined many developed nations in a long-held and ongoing debate; that of the ethical responsibility of government in regards to the advertising of tobacco products. By 2001 many other nations had already decided to either place bans on or strongly restrict the advertising of tobacco products in an attempt to curb usage and thereby avoid the ill health effects associated with the product. While theRead MoreArticle Vii Of The U.s. Constitution State That Laws Passed By Congress946 Words   |  4 Pagesstate that the rights and liberties of citizens are secure. Unless the government can prove that it has a very good reason to control individual’s freedom. By virtue of being human, all individuals are in possessions of certain natural rights, such as the right to a free trial and freedom of speech, freedom of religion. Civil liberties are freedoms that are guaranteed protection of people from an over-powerful government. Civil liberties are rights that cannot be restricted by government regardless ofRead MoreArticle Review: On Human Rights Day, Stop the Blank Check to Israel882 Words   |  4 Pagescould never happen† but, you would be wrong in fact, that is exactly going right now with the United States and Israel. In the article, Stinemetz talks about her recent visit to Palestine, a nation that is currently being attacked by Israel’s armies. This is due largely in part to desires by the Israeli government to have Palestinian citizens comply with their laws which are violating the Palestinian’s human rights, rights that every single human deserves. Stinemetz reasons that the Israeli’s areRead MoreShould the government only restrict an individual’s freedom in order to prevent harm to others?1409 Words   |  6 Pagesunjust acts. Thus if an act is to be considered immoral, it seems obvious to suggest that the government is justified in restricting it regardless of whether it is harmful to others. However, since everybody has a different understanding of morality and freedom, no Government could legitimately restrict an act on the basis of it being immoral. Thus it seems more plausible to suggest that the Government should only restrict actions which everybody can agree should be restricted. However its notRead More Curfews: Whats the Point? Essay906 Words   |  4 Pagescities and states in the US currently enforce curfew laws that deny young teens under the age of 18 their right to be in public places or to drive after certain hours. These laws are punishing minors for exercising their constitutional rights in th e same way that adults do without such punishment; they are mostly causing no harm, and do not deserve to be discriminated against by the government in the way they are. Many believe that teens are responsible for a large percentage of crimes, particularlyRead MoreThe Issue Of Gun Control1735 Words   |  7 PagesState, the right of the people to keep and bear Arms, shall not be infringed, or if guns are the dangerous machine that people have been publicized recently as Gun Control, which have been established in order to keep people safe. The number of shootings and deaths caused by guns has risen in the past years. By requiring gun owners to register their guns the government is ensuring that the owners of these guns will use them with caution. From my point of view, I believe that government needs gunRead MoreCampaign Finance Regulations1453 Words   |  6 Pagesand impede the election process created for fair and efficient elections. These laws, which limit political spending, serves to limit speech by restricting the average citizen’s ability to both receive and deliver political messages. Laws that restrict spending on political campaigns not only dampen freedoms of speech but but have a counter affect on our democratic society. Regardless of which political side of the fence you are on, these laws work more to extend the problem they purport to fixRead MoreGun Control Is A Topic That Has Created Many Discussions949 Words   |  4 Pagesrestrictions. Because of this, every day is more devastating when we hear about a massacre. Unfortunately, America has become in a little time in the country that leads the list of countries where more violent success occurred due to what is happening to our society. America s gun problem is completely unique. First place in gun violence worldwide. It occupies the sixth place in gun homicide. The US by far the highest number of privately-owned guns in the world despite being a minority. Guns grow in anRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book 1984 By George Orwell1029 Words   |  5 Pagesactions used in the novel which are being implemented in our culture today, showing the possibility of America soon becoming a place like Oceania. The right to free speech is a pressing issue in both 1984 as well as in real life. In the fictional state of Oceania, the everyday language is called Newspeak. Instead of trying to expand people’s vocabulary, â€Å"the whole aim of Newspeak is to narrow the range of thought† (Orwell 52). The government seeks to limit the amount of words people can use, thus

Amelia Earhart (1192 words) Essay Example For Students

Amelia Earhart (1192 words) Essay Amelia EarhartAmelia Mary Earhart was born on July 24, 1897 in Atchison, Kansas. She was thedaughter of a railroad attorney and had a younger sister named Muriel. Amelia was atomboy and was always interested in learning. She was educated at Columbia Universityand Harvard Summer School. She taught English to immigrant factory workers. DuringWorld War I, Amelia was a volunteer in a Red Cross hospital. Amelia heard of a woman pilot, Neta Snook, who gave flying lessons. She had herfirst lesson on January 2, 1921. On July 24, 1921, Amelia bought her first plane, aprototype of the Kinner airplane and named it â€Å"The Canary.†In 1928, she accepted the invitation of the American pilots Wilmer Stultzman andLouis Gordon to join them on a transatlantic flight, becoming the first woman to make thecrossing by air She described the flight in a book she wrote, 20 Hours. 40 Minutes. Afterthat flight, Amelia made a career of flying. Aviation was a new concept and the industry looked for ways to improve itsimage. In 1921, Amelia was appointed Assistant to the General Traffic Manager andTranscontinental Air Transport (TWA) with a special responsibility of attracting womenpassengers. Amelia organized a cross-country air race for women pilots in 1929, the LosAngeles to Cleveland Women’s Air Derby, later called the â€Å"Powder Puff Derby.† Ameliaplaced third in this race. After the race, Amelia had a meeting in her hotel room inCleveland with other women pilots. She formed a women’s pilot organization called theâ€Å"Ninety-Nines† because of the ninety-nine applicants. She served as the organization’sfirst president. Amelia continued to work for TWA and was writing regular articles forCosmopolitan and other magazines, and had speaking engagements in many cities acrossthe country. In 1930, she broke several women’s speed records in her Lockheed Vega aircraft. In 1931, she wrote a book about those exciting experiences called The Fun of It. By early1932, no other person had successfully flown solo across the Atlantic Ocean since CharlesLindbergh. Amelia decided she would be the first woman to fly solo over the Atlantic. She w ould not duplicate Lindbergh’s course, but would fly from Harbour Grace,Newfoundland and the British Isles would be her destination. On May 20, 1932, exactly five years after the Lindbergh flight, Amelia’s modifiedLockheed Vega began the journey. Since she did not drink coffee or tea, she would keepawake by using smelling salts. All she took with her to eat and drink on this trip waswater, soup, and tomato juice. Amelia broke several records on this flight. She was thefirst woman to fly over the Atlantic Ocean solo, the only person to fly it twice, it was thelongest non-stop distance flown by a woman, and the flight set a record for crossing theAtlantic in the shortest time. When Amelia returned to New York after her famous flight, she was honored by aticker tape parade. President Roosevelt presented her with the Special Gold Medal fromthe National Geographic Society. Honors of all kinds were given to Amelia, as well askeys to many cities in the United States. The United States Congress awarded her withthe Distinguished Flying Cross. Amelia was voted as Woman of the Year which sheaccepted on behalf of all women. Amelia’s next venture would be a transpacific flight from Hawaii to California,then on the Washington D.C. Ten pilots had already lost their lives attempting thiscrossing. She departed Wheeler Field in Honolulu and landed in Oakland, California to acheering crowd of thousands. After this flight, Amelia was busy on the road almostnon-stop with her lecture tours. During this time, she accepted an appointment at PurdueUniversity in Indiana. She would be a consultant in the Department for the Study ofCareers for Women. .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 , .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .postImageUrl , .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 , .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:hover , .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:visited , .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:active { border:0!important; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:active , .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500 .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u0f6e4272cd9cf62436023a841b3cb500:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Research Paper EssayLater in 1935, Amelia began to make plans for an around the world flight. Thisflight would be two major firsts. She would be the first woman to fly around the worldand she would travel the longest possible distance, 29,000 miles, following a route aroundthe equator. Frederick Noonan, a former Pan Am Airlines navigator was chosen as theflight’s navigator because he was familiar with the Pacific area. The plane chosen for theflight was the Lockheed Electra 10E. The first leg of their journey would be fromOakland, California to Hawaii on March 17, 1935. In Hawaii, Amelia had an accidentduring take-off from Luke Field near Pearl Harbor. A great deal of damage was done tothe plane. On June 1, 1937, Amelia and Frederick Noonan left Miami, Florida to once againbegin their around the world flight. After many stops in South America, Africa, the India,and Southeast Asia, they arrived at Lae, New Guinea on June 29. About 22,000 miles ofthe journey had been completed and there were 7,000 miles more to go, all of them overthe Pacific Ocean. Photos taken at Lae show Amelia looking very tired and ill. On July 2, 1937 at 00:00 Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), Amelia and Fredericktook off from Lae with 1,000 gallons of fuel, allowing for 20-21 hours of flying time. Their intended destination was Howland Island, a tiny piece of land a few miles long,twenty feet high, and 2,556 miles away. The Coast Guard cutter Itasca was stationed nearHowland Island and was assigned to communicate with Amelia’s plane and guide her tothe island. Several short radio transmissions were received by the Itasca, but they wereunable to get a fix on her location because the radio contact had been too brief. At 19:30GMT, almost twenty hours into the flight, the following transmission was received fromthe Electra; â€Å"KHAQQ calling Itasca. We must be on you, but cannot see yougasrunning low† . After six hours of trying to communicate with the Electra, all contactwas lost. A search by the Navy and Coast Guard was organized and no physical evidence ofthe Electra or of Amelia Earhart or Frederick Noonan was ever found. Over the years,many unconfirmed sightings have been reported and there are many theories of their fate. Some of those theories are that Amelia was a on a spy mission authorized by PresidentRoosevelt and was captured; that she purposely dove her aircraft into the Pacific; theywere captured by the Japanese, Noonan was executed and Earhart was forced tobroadcast to the American GI’s as â€Å"Tokyo Rose† during World War II; and anothertheory is that Amelia lived for years on an island in the South Pacific with a nativefisherman. In 1961 it was thought that the bones of Earhart and Noonan had been foundon the island of Saipan, but they turned out to be those of Saipan natives. In 1992, asearch party reported finding remnants of the Electra at Nikumaroro, Kiribati, but thoseclaims were disputed by people who worked on Earhart†™s plane. Researches believe thatthe plane ran out of fuel and that Earhart and Noonan died at sea. Amelia Earhart spent most of her lifetime establishing the permanent role ofwomen in aviation. She became an international heroine overnight as the first woman tofly across the Atlantic Ocean. Amelia’s disappearance is still a mystery, but her enduringlegacy remains. Book Reports

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Competitive Strategy Business and Sustainability

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy for Business and Sustainability. Answer: Intreoduction: Strategy is the smart allocation of limited resources by a distinctive system of activities so that customer-serving processes in competition are outperformed. The word strategy comes from Greek word strat?gos that is actually extracted from two words: stratus (military) and ago (old Greek word for leading) (Grant and Jordan 2015). Strategy is another form of a leadership plan. The base of a good strategy is properly diagnosing challenges, developing guiding policies and creating rational policies and actions. At the same time, strategy is the course charted for the imagined journey and the course steered for the trip actually made. It is a general system, which gives direction to moves to be made and, in the meantime, is molded by the moves made. This implies the essential precondition for defining strategy is an unmistakable and far-reaching comprehension of the closures to be received. Without these closures in view, activity is tactical and can rapidly deteriorate into just a thr ashing about (Meyer and Staggenborg 2012). Making a business strategy is a center management function. It must be said that having a decent strategy and executing the strategy well, does not ensure achievement. Associations can confront unanticipated conditions and unfriendly conditions through no blame of their own (Aras and Crowther 2012). Pharmaceutical industry all over the world is known to be investing hugely in RD and innovation. The industry has even seen the results patent-protected, high margin revenue streams and lucrative businesses all over. However, with the fast moving world the pharmaceutical industry also felt the need to alter its strategies to match up with the competition. The changes place high demands on customers, suppliers and manufacturers (New Opportunities Strategies in the Pharmaceutical Industry 2012). Taking GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) as an example, it can be observed that they have attempted to increase their market share and profitability by adopting latest innovative strategies in the market. However, they are in need of further improving their profitability and revenue margins. The latest strategies in the pharmaceutical market include the blockbuster model strategy that says that a couple of major drugs manufacturing are sufficient to take on preliminary investment for a large amount of ma nufactured drugs. However, the appropriate strategy for GSK and pharmaceutical industry in general would be to develop a competent strategic vision and standard, along with concentration on fluctuating customer preferences and behavior. New technologies are most definitely needed for advancement, but that should be planned properly before implementing. GSK and the other pharmaceutical companies must keep in mind that their approach should be multidimensional and identify the target customers for better market access. The focus ought to be on high value customer segment for the pharmaceutical products, as they would provide the companies with the proper growth, empowerment and profitability for future investments. One very important thing to keep in mind is that the products and strategy must be patient-centric (). What is Business Model Innovation? Business model innovations (BMI) have reshaped whole enterprises and redistributed billions of dollars of value. Business model innovation is about essentially reconsidering the business around an unmistakablehowever not generally self-evidentclient requirement, then realigning the assets, procedures and benefit equation with this new value proposition. It is difficult and can remove decision makers from their customary ranges of familiarity. Nevertheless, the outcomes can be exceptional (Matzler et al. 2013). Business model innovation is presumably the most difficult of the innovation sorts, as it will probably give association real necessities for change. Frequently, the very abilities or procedures that have been streamlined to make an organization effective and gainful will turn into the objectives for change. Dissimilar to different sorts of innovation, changes to the business model oblige changes to the foundational choices whereupon the business works. Nevertheless, business m odel innovation will probably be radical, and much of the time, transformational (Massa and Tucci 2013). Changing a business model can look extremely alluring because of the various cases referred to in business books and writing. Noteworthy victories are ascribed to business model innovation, and everybody needs to copy that achievement. While business model changes appear to be engaging, this kind of innovation challenges the foundational choices basic to the present business, disturbing the very structure that is as of now paying the bills. This recommends finding the correct time for a business model change is principal to achievement. The organization's brand speaks to guarantees conveyed in its value propositions. There is a time when proposed business model changes can expel the establishment that supports the brand, and maybe more essentially, the business personality. At the point when this happens, business model innovation may recommend rebuilding of the organization. At last, the business model outline must be adjusted to the business character for any probability of an effective innovation result (Amit and Zott 2012). In Australia, family farms are the foundation of the broad acre agriculture area. Be that as it may, the gainfulness and specialized proficiency crevice between top performing farms and the normal ranch is growing, to a great extent because of administration and capital requirements that are restricting selection of existing advances. The greater part of driving farms are claimed and worked by family bodies; in any case, corporate farms and different agribusiness organizations are progressively showing up at the front line of innovation selection. For example, Corporate Farming Australia (Glencore Grains Australia) follows the contract farming business model of leasing and owning dry land and irrigated croplands all across Australia. This form of model requires varying levels of input capital and decision-making, which becomes difficult for organizations to provide at all times (Wang, Wang and Delgado 2014). Glencore Grains has been facing the same issue, with incidents of absent la ndowners and insufficient capital. In such cases, a hybrid business model would be extremely beneficial for the association. It would involve a joint-venture arrangement, where Glencore can lease their lands to a new company and jointly manage the lands under a single board of management. This model would also help enhancing the forms of capital for Glencore, by optimizing scale efficiencies and facilitating the process of labor specialization. This model can be seen extensively used in the Mallee region of South Australia. For companies to increase productivity and benefits they must continue to bring in new approaches in their business models. References Amit, R. and Zott, C., 2012. Creating value through business model innovation.MIT Sloan Management Review,53(3), p.41. Aras, G. and Crowther, D. eds., 2012.Business Strategy and Sustainability(Vol. 3). Emerald Group Publishing. Grant, R.M. and Jordan, J.J., 2015.Foundations of strategy. John Wiley Sons. Massa, L. and Tucci, C.L., 2013. Business model innovation.The Oxford Handbook of Innovafion Management, pp.420-441. Matzler, K., Bailom, F., Friedrich von den Eichen, S. and Kohler, T., 2013. Business model innovation: coffee triumphs for Nespresso.Journal of Business Strategy,34(2), pp.30-37 Meyer, D.S. and Staggenborg, S., 2012. Thinking about strategy.Strategies for social change,37, p.1. New Opportunities Strategies in the Pharmaceutical Industry. 2012. 38th ed. [ebook] Europe: Management Centre Europe, pp.1-52. Available at: https://cdn.mce.eu/eu/uploads/2016/05/Pharma-Industry-Executive-Issue-38-2012.pdf [Accessed 15 Dec. 2016]. Wang, H.H., Wang, Y. and Delgado, M.S., 2014. The transition to modern agriculture: contract farming in developing economies.American Journal of Agricultural Economics,96(5), pp.1257-1271.

Saturday, April 11, 2020

Compare and Contrast High School Versus College Free Sample Essay

Compare and Contrast High School Versus College Free Sample EssayWhen it comes to learning how to write a college essay, you may want to compare and contrast high school versus college free sample essays. There are many sources of free samples on the Internet. Some are free; some are for a small fee.First of all, it's important to know that college essays are written in two different styles. One is formal; the other is informal. You need to determine which style you'll be using, and use that to help you select a college essay that's more appropriate for your needs. The formal one is more based on intellectual research and more so about explaining why you chose the topic and not someone else.On the other hand, high school essays are intended to be much more personal and it focuses on the 'real person' of the student. It's a much more superficial product, designed to offer insight about what they're thinking and how they feel at that particular time. It's not necessarily a work of writ ing, but rather a report or resume of sorts.Therefore, if you're writing a college essay, you might want to compare and contrast high school versus college free sample essays. These free sample essays are often designed to meet the needs of most college students, and are often better than a traditional college writing sample. The first step to a successful college essay is to learn what you should be writing about and write a couple of paragraphs detailing what you plan to do.Here's where the comparison of high school versus college free sample essays comes in. It's better to write the college essay this way. Since you are already in a more structured writing routine, it will be easier for you to turn your thoughts into words, and create a good college essay.The key to writing a good college essay is having something to say. There are no real rules to writing college essays, because there are no real college students, and therefore no really concrete ideas. They're just words that y ou're putting on paper, and the better you can write those words, the better you will come across in your college essays.If you're interested in learning how to write a college essay, compare and contrast high school versus college free sample essays. This way, you can determine what writing style works best for you. If you find yourself wanting to go back and rewrite your entire essay for one reason or another, then start with a college essay writing sample.

Sunday, April 5, 2020

Mothers Love Essays (823 words) - Literature, Culture,

Mothers Love The idea of a ghost story or horror story has long since been introduced into the world of American literature starting in the late 18th century. These works played with the idea of life after death and its effects on the present. The term gothic or gothic horror has been used to describe this form of literature. The literary meaning of the gothic style of is hard to define, but to give it a simple meaning the gothic is when the supernatural encounters the natural. In the novel Beloved by Toni Morrison this form of the gothic is used. The story involves Sethe, an ex-slave, whom the ghost of her dead daughter haunts. The ghost of this novel is a two year old who is young in age, yet strong in power. The character Sethe, is based on the real life story of the slave Margaret Garner. On Jan. 28, 1856, Garner killed her two-year-old daughter rather than have her sent back to slavery due to the fugitive slave law. Garner was later found guilty and sent back to the plantation she fled in Mississippi. The story of Beloved delves into the most painful part of the African American heritage, slavery. The memory of this horrifying time is presented in what Morrison calls "rememory"-- actively making the past real in the present. The novel is set during the Reconstruction(1870-1890) which follows the Civil War and emancipation. Much of the characters' pain occurs as they themselves try to "reconstruct" their families, communities and their own sense of identity. While this novel has been compared many times to that of a slave narrative, Morrison chooses to use the gothic to tell her story. Yes this novel does use slave narrative form, but it explores a greater range with the gothic. Morrison chooses to use the gothic because it allows her to explore the true effects of her characters and their effects on each other. Beloved comes back to haunt not only Sethe but everyone around her. She feels that her life has been taken away from her and for that reason she wants to "suck" the life out of Sethe, Paul D, and Denver. The novel is broken into three major parts. As part one opens Morrison introduces the house with, "124 was spiteful. Full of baby's venom. The woman knew it and so did the children" (Morrison 3). Immediately the reader is thrown into this house with a ghost that is spiteful. The only surviving members of the family are Denver, the child Sethe was carrying in her escape to freedom, and Sethe. With the gothic, Morrison is able to show just how horrifying slavery and its effects are. Morrison goes into great detail to describe the horrors of Sweet Home and the people who lived there. As the reader hears of these effects the emotion is relased. Sethe describes one account saying " after I left you, those boys came in there and took my milk. That's what they come for. Held me down and took it." ( Morrison, 16) Paul D instantly gets rid of the horrifying presence that has consumed this house for so long, and up to this point had only been physical as red light. With this sense of relief Paul D, Sethe, and Denver go to the local fair. Later they return home to find a mystical woman who is referred to as "Beloved". Denver identifies the woman as the returned ghost in now human flesh and receives her as a sister. This is where the novel begins to take on its own existence. Beloved becomes the focus of everyone's attention. Beloved has both mental and physical difficulties. Parts of her body threaten to fall off; some teeth do fall out. She has a scar on her throat. Her infrequent speech is childish. Although apparently she is a stranger, Beloved knows intimate things about Sethe, one of which includes the lullaby that Sethe sang to her babies. Denver takes a great liking to Beloved. Having been isolated for so many years, Denver finally feels that she has a friend. Soon, however, she is frightened to discover that the spirit is covertly attacking Sethe. For example, while pretending to massage Sethe neck, Beloved tries to choke her. Paul D on the other hand, dislikes Beloved but finds her sexually irresistible. Under some kind of spell or conjure, he has sex with her. The presence of this ghost now in human form thus disrupts every relationship. With this "rebirth" of Beloved, Sethe

Sunday, March 8, 2020

ServiceSim Contribution April Essays

ServiceSim Contribution April Essays ServiceSim Contribution April Essay ServiceSim Contribution April Essay 1. Hire a Tech 1 employee at 11.60/hour. Maybe the last guy quit because Fastlane pays 11.50/hour while the market rate is 11.58/hr. 2. So that you don’t lose anymore staff, increase the following rates Tech 2 employee rate to 13.70/hr (Fastlane pays 13.10, market rate=13.63) Tech 3 employee rate to 19.20/hr (Fastlane pays 19.05, market rate=19.17) Service Advisor employee salary to 3080 (Fastlane pays 3060, market rate=3079) 3. Hire the following temporary staff Hire temporary Tech 1 employee to cover for Tech 1 employee going on vacation next month Hire temporary Driver/Shipper (2 weeks) to cover for Driver/Shipper on 2-week jury duty Hire temporary employee to cover for all planned vacations Pricing Margin Decisions These are okay as they are. Based on Performance Summary, we need to cut down on expenses. They are at 90.6%. We can reduce Advertising/Promo a bit. We need to keep some parts in stock because customers are complaining that they wait several days for parts.

Friday, February 21, 2020

Plastic Pollution in oceans (marine Life) due to human activity Term Paper

Plastic Pollution in oceans (marine Life) due to human activity. Research - Term Paper Example The pollution caused due to plastic is increasing at a very fast pace and that is because the demand for products produced through plastic is increasing day by day. According to Andrady 80 million tons of plastic and plastic waste is found in the marine regions throughout the globe (Andrady 1). There are various causes as well as harmful effects of plastic pollution in marine life, but at the same time several steps can be taken to solve the issue of oceanic regions being polluted due to plastic. There are various causes due to which plastic pollution in oceans is experienced. One of these causes is that plastic enters the oceans and water in an indirect manner. There are many ways through which plastic can enter the water in an indirect manner. One of the most common ways is that plastic based garbage is left on the coastal areas by those individuals who are recognized as beachgoers. The problem is that water reaches the coastal areas and absorbs the plastic waste and travels back into the sea area along with plastic products. Another method through which plastic waste reaches the oceans is recognized as land runoff. This event takes place when huge amount of rain water moves plastic waste from the land area to the sea area. A third method through which plastic debris reaches the ocean is through the route of sewage. This means that plastic waste travels to the oceans when that waste is dumped in sewage and rivers which carries the waste to the sea. A fourth method through which plastic waste reaches oceans is through the heavy winds that blow plastic debris from land area to oceans (Andrady 1). According to Andrady, around 80% of the plastic waste or debris that is found in the oceans is caused due to the plastic waste that enters the oceans through indirect means such as littering of the coastal regions by those who are beachgoers (Andrady 1). Other than indirect transfer of plastic

Wednesday, February 5, 2020

Peter Enterprises Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Peter Enterprises - Essay Example An income statement represents a company’s activity or performance over a period of time. The income statement is intended to provide investors an accurate depiction of the company’s profitability over the period of time (in this case 1 year). This includes mainly the sales and cost figure of the company over the period of time. Cost which are capitalized are included in the category of either depreciation or amortization expense. The income statement is generally full of accounting assumptions; fundamentally the matching principle. The matching principle dictates that the revenues of the company should be matched with the expenses incurred during the period. Any accrued sales (Credit Sales) or expense is accounted in the income statement. Earnings from the income statement are essential criteria when investors evaluate or opt for a company to buy its share. It is earning power of the company which lifts its value and attracts the investor about the profitability of the company. In the case of Peter enterprise, it has generated a net profit of  £444,400 which is 14.79% of the sales. This implies that the net profit margin is 14.79% which is promising; however the company is profitable but we cannot jump into any conclusion unless we compare it with the industry standards for the particular year or a company which has risk similar to the Peter enterprises. (c) Peter Enterprises Balance Sheet As of 31 December 2009 Assets          Current Assets    Accounts Receivable 294,800 Stock 287,000 Total Current Assets 581,800       Fixed Assets    Machinery 1,480,000 Equipment 163,100 Motor Vans 148,700 Total Fixed Assets 1,791,800       Total Assets ?2,373,600       Liabilities          Short-term Liabilities    Trade Creditors 273,000 Bank Overdraft 54,000       Long Term Liabilities    Loan 1,500,000       Total Liabilities ?1,827,000       Net Assets or Shareholder's Equity ?546,600       Capital 417,200 Add: Net Profit 444,400 Less: Drawings 315,000 ?546,600 (d) A balance sheet shows a company’s financial position at a particular point in time (Krakhmal & Day, 2010). We can determine through balance sheet that how much financially strong and economically efficient a company is. It shows how much the company owns or how much money is owed by it. The assets are financed by either debt or equity and the balance sheet can reveal important information about it. We can compute a lot of ratios using the numbers in balance sheet and compare them with the industry standards. The most common ratios are liquidity, solvency, and profitability and efficiency ratios. A balance sheet can explain how the company is being managed. For instance, a high day on receivable implies that management is not efficient in collecting money. This impacts cash flow cycle and can cause liquidity problems for the organization. Furthermore, Solvency ratios such as the Debt/Equity ratio can provide an important insight to creditors to whether grant a loan to the organization or not. It also gives an insight to shareholders about the current worth of the company. An analysis of Peter’s balance sheet shows that it has a very high Debt/Asset ratio which is equivalent to 70%. Answer 2a) Cash Forecast for the next 6 months    Jan-10 Feb-10 Mar-10 Apr-10 May-10 Jun-10 Cash Inflows                   Cash Sales* 262000 254000 268000 288000 296000 292000

Tuesday, January 28, 2020

Narratives and Memory Work by Nick Rowe | Analysis

Narratives and Memory Work by Nick Rowe | Analysis Aengus Donald A 1000 word review of one of the recommended chapters or articles. Students will choose a chapter or article from one of the prescribed texts, and write a review of the content, as understood by the student in terms of: the writer’s intent, the psychodramatic theory, and its application to practise. Response: Review of Chapter 4: Narratives and Memory Work, by Nick Rowe (2007). Playing the Other: Dramatizing Personal Narratives in Playback Theatre Rowe explores the relationship between memory, narrative and the self and reminds the reader that the audience’s stories are what make up the curiosities that are enacted out in front of them. Rowe personally opens up by sharing a story about his father’s death. This vulnerable space that Rowe sits in allows for resonance and connection with the reader, whilst informing them that that the story is the basis of discussion in this chapter. His actual experience of physically writing the story down years after his father’s death is shared with the reader as a very balanced moment in his life. Drawing on research in the fields of psychology, philosophy and psychotherapy, Rowe intends to compare and contrast different aspects of memory, narrative and the self to show the breadth, depth and scope of the subjects. Rowe proposes that it is misleading to conceptualize playback theatre as a mirror of the essence of a protagonist’s subjective narrative. This is because it denies ‘the relational, negotiated and context-rich’ (Rowe) aspects of Playback theatre as well as negating the humanness of the performers, protagonist, and conductors. Actors may have different responses to the narrative than the protagonist. Actors may have incongruent obstacles of their own. Being present to the essence of the storyline and then responding on the stage set by the director, protagonist and audience members can occur on any range or scale of response. Rowe proposes to utilize a model of a ‘cumulative process of mediation’ in which each time a narrative is retold, the protagonist or client creates and refines the expression of the phenomenological and subjective content of the narrative. MacIntyre proposes that the most efficacious source of â€Å"intelligibility† for human beings is received through narrative, which he believes is the human identity’s organizing principle. If this were the case according to Rowe, every known thing would be spoken into existence, which I relate to the opening creation passage of the bible. I feel that if this was the case, we would be our own gods and all words would be the words of gods. Rowe would sooner agree not with MacIntyre’s notion, but with Griemas’ idea that â€Å"Narrative structures do not exist per se, but are a mere moment in the generation of signification†. Griemas’ school of thought leans more toward meaning making, than MacIntyre’s idea of instantaneously announcing manifestations of life experience. Barclay presents the idea that ‘autobiographical remembering is largely an improvisational act’, played out by ‘protoselves’. This makes me feel that there is simultaneously room for both meaning making and calling experience into existence, and perhaps one can’t exist without the other. Barclay’s work also makes me wonder if we completely embody these ‘protoselves’ when we are being truly spontaneous. Lyotard presents that the idea of self is not one of individual singularity in a world of increasing billions of other individuals, but more so of each human as a nodal point in an growing pool of specific communication circuits. Lyotard sees the self as ‘first and foremost, a practical project of everyday life’ (Holstein and Gubrium, 1995) and it is never a completed object. In Playback theatre people are invited to perform their stories and witness the enactment. This halters the teller’s self-creation process when the control of the protagonist’s enactment has been handed over to the actors. The conductors questioning in Playback allows the events to emerge. Rowe does not believe that this is â€Å"rewriting the self† (Freeman 1993). Vocal language is a primary technique of narrative in playback. Utilizing and encouraging other expressive methods such as â€Å"acoustic, visual, spatial and theatrical images can significantly extend the teller’s memory work† (Rowe). In the section â€Å"Poetry drugs the dragon of disbelief†, Rowe writes that subsequent re-telling of a narrative emphasises an aspect of the story that leads to the question: â€Å"Can we ever trust memory?† (Rowe). Re-enactments through Playback theatre may contribute to the fictionalization of actually false aspects of the memory; in Rowe’s case this is the Red Dress, which turned out to be pink. â€Å"On the borderline of life and death, the colour must be red – pink will just not do† (Rowe). Donald Spence writes of the therapist being engaged as rather â€Å"a pattern maker than a pattern finder in an artistic struggle† (Spence 1982). Enabling people to sit in acceptance of their narrative and themes explored through language and movement is the task of the therapist. I personally resonate a lot with Spence’s notion of making patterns as opposed to finding them. It is much more creative than reductionist in it’s approach. Vocal language has its limitations. As people’s traumas can lie buried within tissues and sinew (Rowe), they may need to be expressed through movement and dance. This may assist to bring traumas to vocalisation, or can be experienced or witnessed as pre-verbal expression. Rowe warns therapists to be as aware as possible of potential body, personal and cultural memories that may arise in sensitive group work. Rowe agrees with Kristeva in that a text can’t possibly be ‘a hermitically sealed unit existing independently on other texts’. This ‘intertextuality’ emphasises the significance of relationships between all aspects of inter-personal and intra-personal narrative. A field of open possibility allows for relationships between different texts and aspects of self to be connected through a paradox of self-definition on the one hand and re-negotiating relationships with both the audience and conductor on the other hand. This point of vulnerability allows the teller to be moulded and evaluated by the group or society at large. The stories that are enacted can have a transformative effect on the audience as well as the teller, creating a group felt shift. Annette Kuhn suggests that public and private memory show to be less separable than has been commonly believed. In this idea, what affects the protagonist is more than likely to affect the audience. Phillips presents the idea that ‘the only good translation is the one that invites retranslation; the one that doesn’t want to be verified so much as altered (Philips 2002).’ This philosophy reminds me of Nietzsche’s attempts at self criticisms. If a translation is hailed as the One True translation, narratives will never be able to be dynamic or interact without eventually going stagnant, but will exist as, as Rowe puts it, ‘a new, but never final, version’. ‘Perhaps call it play-forward theatre?’ asks Rowe, expanding on his theme of an ever-evolving reality of expressive experience.